Essay --

Psychological social treatment, an observationally approved treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (Robinson, Berman, and Neimeyer, 1990) has included in more than 78 exploration considers, and is the treatment of decision while rewarding sorrow by numerous clinicians. A meta analaysis finished by Dobson (1989), surveyed 28 investigations highlighting subjective treatment and sadness, and found that psychological treatment was a more viable treatment methodology than conduct treatment, hold up list control, drug, and different treatments. A further meta-examination led by Gloaguen et al., (1998) found that Cognitive social treatment was equivalent to conduct treatment, and more successful than tranquilize medicines when rewarding Major Depressive Disorder. While sadness has been seen as effectively rewarded by treatments, for example, CBT, many discouraged people don't keep on going to treatment (Barnes et al., 2003). This can be trying as CBT specifically requires a responsibility from members regarding going to various meetings so the customer can start to encounter progress. Analysts have discovered inattendance by those with misery might be because of various elements, for example, evasion of managing negative sentiments (Barnes et al., 2013). As per MacDonald et al (2007), the symptomology of despondency, for example, diminished focus, may give a need to exchange methods of data to be given while rewarding melancholy. One of the center parts of CBT is schoolwork exercises, with schoolwork finishing being found to prompt more noteworthy consequences of treatment (Flynn, 2011). In an examination by Simons et al., (2012), it was discovered that young people self announced less burdensome side effects, just as diminished hopelessness,... ...as found, with these progressions kept up at three and half year development. Likewise, a one day EFT workshop, where EFT was conveyed to 216 human services laborers, brought about a measurably critical decrease in burdensome side effects (Church, Geronilla, and Dinter, 2009). Two randomized controlled preliminaries (RCT) saw EFT as a viable medium while rewarding indications of misery. In the wake of finishing a multi week online EFT course, 36 fibromyalgia patients getting treatment for PTSD were found to have a critical decrease of burdensome manifestations (Brattberg, 2008). The second RCT focussed on 59 war veterans who were encountering clinical degrees of sorrow. After six meetings of EFT, there was a noteworthy change in their burdensome levels which dropped to a subclinical level. These enhancements were additionally kept up at development (Church et al., 2011).

Symptoms of ADD/ADHD Essay -- Disease, Disorders

You realize that individual; the one that can’t remain on subject, the person who will talk then out of nowhere the discussion goes off a very surprising way, similar to a squirrel looking for nuts that continues dropping the one it is conveying since something different got its attention. Turbulent, fatigued, imprudent, chaotic, daydreamer, slowpoke, careless, goof off and sluggish are only a couple of depictions of a grown-up that has Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD). At one time ADD/ADHD was thought of as just youth difficulties that didn't influence grown-ups, yet since there is no remedy for ADD/ADHD, grown-ups are influenced moreover. Most grown-ups that have ADD/ADHD were not determined to have it as kids, since ADD/ADHD wasn’t perceived with the exception of by a not many individuals that knew about it at that point (Smith and Segal, 2012). Rather as kids they were marked as apathetic, inconvenience creators, daydrea mers and different names and they developed into grown-ups with those equivalent names and inclinations. They may have figured out how to alter during the high schooler years however as they became grown-ups and duties and requests on their time developed, the difficulties of managing ADD/ADHD likewise developed. Include/ADHD influences 4-5 percent all things considered, in excess of 11 million in the United States (Barkley). When not analyzed and treated it can affect all everyday issues including work, home and social connections. With treatment grown-ups, and youngsters, with ADD/ADHD can figure out how to redress and beat the manifestations and difficulties they face with ADD/ADHD every day to have gainful existences. Manifestations of ADD/ADDHD aren’t the equivalent in grown-ups as in kids and don't present themselves the equivalent in every person. Some regular grown-up side effects of A... ...d Treatment. Recovered from www.helpguide.org/mental/adhd_add_adult symptoms.htm (March 20,2012) Mayo Clinic Staff, (January 8, 2010). Grown-up ADHD (consideration shortfall/hyperactivity clutter)- Comprehensive diagram covers indications, conclusion, treatment of grown-up ADHD. Recovered from http://www.mayoclinic.com/wellbeing/grown-up adhd/ds01161 Consideration Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. In Adults Adult ADHD-a Misjudged Potential/Symptoms/Treatment/Self Help Adult ADHD copyright 2012 Retrieved from http://www.adultadhd.net (March 20, 2012) Explored by Amal Chakraburtty, MD March 1, 2010 for Webmd ADHD in Adults: Symptoms, Statsitics, Causes, Types, Treatments, and that's only the tip of the iceberg Consideration Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD in Adults Recovered from http://www.webmd.com/include adhd/control/adhd-grown-ups (March 20, 2012)

Does Marijuana Use Lead to Later Drug Abuse

Does Marijuana Use Lead to Later Drug Abuse Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print Marijuana Use Leads to Later Drug Abuse Early Smoking Influences Later Drug, Alcohol Problems By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on May 09, 2018 PhotoAlto/Sigrid Olsson/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery One of the controversies surrounding the marijuana legalization movement revolves around the question of whether marijuana is a gateway drug or not. If smoking weed does in fact lead to the use of other drugs, then legalizing the recreational use of marijuana may not be such a good idea after all. Unfortunately, there is little scientific research that definitely resolves the gateway drug debate. There have been studies that returned results on both sides of the question. One study, however, suggested that the age when someone begins to use marijuana is a key factor in whether they go on to problems with alcohol and other drugs later in life. In a study of 311 pairs of same-gender twins, researchers found that those who began marijuana use before age 17 were 2.1 to 5.2 times more likely to use other drugs or to develop alcohol or drug abuse or dependence compared to their twin who did not use marijuana before 17. Using Marijuana Before Age 17 There is a fairly long history of research showing that early cannabis (marijuana) use is associated with increased risks for later use of so-called hard drugs, but that research is based on the fact that most heroin and cocaine users report first having used cannabis, says lead author Michael T. Lynskey, Ph.D., a visiting assistant professor of psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and senior research fellow at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research in Brisbane, Australia. Lynskey said past studies have not been able to adequately control for familial factors â€" such as genetics, environment and family background â€" that may predispose people both to early marijuana use and to subsequent use of illicit drugs. In the Australian study, the researchers examined same-sex twins - some identical, some fraternal. In each of the 311 pairs of twins, one twin began using marijuana before the age of 17 and the other did not. Higher Rates of Alcohol, Drug Problems By studying twins, we were able to compare pairs of individuals of the same age, same family background and â€" in the case of identical twins â€" individuals with exactly the same genes, Lynskey explains. But these twins differed in one important respect: One had chosen to begin using cannabis before 17, but the other had not. When these 311 sets of twins were interviewed in their late 20s and early 30s, the early marijuana users had developed higher rates of problems with alcohol and other drugs. Some 46 percent reported that they later abused or became dependent upon marijuana, and 43 percent had become alcohol dependent. The early marijuana users used other drugs at higher rates, including cocaine and other stimulants (48 percent) heroin and other opioids (14 percent) and hallucinogens (35 percent). Known Risk Factors for Drug Use Controlling for other known risk factors for drug use and drug use problems, these rates were between 1.8 and 5.2 times higher than the rates we observed in the co-twins who did not begin cannabis use before 17, Lynskey says. Results were similar when comparisons were limited to identical twin pairs. Other risk factors for alcohol and other drug abuse the researchers controlled for included early-onset alcohol or tobacco use, parental conflict/separation, childhood sexual abuse, conduct disorder, major depression, and social anxiety. We actually were expecting that by using twins and controlling for genetic and familial effects, wed find the association between early use and later abuse would disappear, Lynskey says. But this study demonstrates that there is more to the relationship than we previously thought. Recognizing the Increased Risk The lead investigator Andrew Heath, D. Phil, Olin Professor of Psychiatry and director of the Missouri Alcoholism Research Center at Washington University School of Medicine, was also surprised. I think one important thing to say to the parents of a 16-year-old using marijuana is that the majority of kids who use cannabis do not go on to experience problems with drugs or alcohol, but its important that we, as parents and as a society, recognize that there is an increased risk, Heath says. It is not clear how early use of marijuana might be related to later substance problems. Although this study suggests that genetic and environmental factors alone cannot explain the risk.

Why Do Companies Promote Unhealthy Foods - 3184 Words

Zach Goodwin ENGL 1001 September 5, 2014 Professor McLaughlin Why Do Companies Promote Unhealthy Foods? Junk food has been a part of America’s history since the 1900s and its desire will be growing throughout the future. Junk food can is counted as any unhealthy food which includes: cookies chips cakes and fast food. The first ever fast food restaurant opened in 1947 and more and more are blossoming throughout the country. With this explosion of fast food and junk food consumers have been wondering why companies advertise this horrible products. Companies feel like they should not stop promoting and believe it is the consumer’s decision to decide. While consumers believe that buyers are entitled to a warning to not over consume these products or lethal health risks will follow. Junk food has gotten so bad that companies put sweeteners in their food to make it taste like fruit but in reality they are loaded with lab made chemicals. When presented to the public eye most people could care less about this issue, but eat unhealthy has not just affected our past but it will aff ect our future. There is a huge economic benefit when companies sell unhealthy foods. Companies like Coca Cola, Frito Lay, McDonald’s and the list goes on have made billions of dollars just by selling one thing junk food. Everyone uses junk food at any given time so companies will be constantly making money. Coca Cola a globally know company and one of the first. It has been selling sugary drinks forShow MoreRelatedWhy Do Companies Promote Unhealthy Foods?3317 Words   |  14 Pages Why Do Companies Promote Unhealthy Foods? Junk food has been a part of America’s history since the 1900s and its desire will be growing throughout the future. Junk food can is counted as any unhealthy food which includes: cookies chips cakes and fast food. The first ever fast food restaurant opened in 1947 and more and more are blossoming throughout the country. With this explosion of fast food and junk food consumers have been wondering why companies advertise this horrible products. CompaniesRead MoreThe Extraordinary Science Of Addictive Junk Food1248 Words   |  5 Pagesobesity. A child is considered obese if that child is above the normal weight for their age and height. Childhood obesity is a â€Å"national epidemic† problem in America that needs major attention. In the article,†The Extraordinary Science of Addictive Junk Food,† by Michael Moss he acknowledges that â€Å"Among children, the rates had more than doubled since 1980, and the number of kids considered obese had shot past 12 mill ion†(473). Moss’s point is that the rates of childhood obesity has increased tremendouslyRead MoreObesity Epidemic Of The United States Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesRecent Obesity Outbreak in America Obesity has rapidly emerged as a serious health issue in America. The cause of obesity results from America’s social injustices. Today, food advertisements are in all places promoting an unhealthy lifestyle. Considering the great expense of healthy foods, low income families can barely afford fruits and vegetables. These two factors contribute to the increasing obesity rate in the United States. Unfortunately, it has taken an excessive amount of Americans to becomeRead MoreThe Dangers Of Fast Food Advertising1296 Words   |  6 PagesFast food advertisements can be found around the world, on newspapers, television, and even online. Children, teenagers, and parents have seen marketing focused on fast food. While adults may think little about such blatant advertising tactics that are solely designed to attract new customers, how are kids affected? People across the United States worry about the ever increasing obesity rates amongst children in recent years. A common explanatio n is the spike in popularity of fast food. Most kidsRead MoreThe Effects Of Advertising On Children s Obesity Rate1056 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising on Children’s Obesity Rate It has come down to this, there is an obesity epidemic. It s like people can’t stop themselves from eating so much. Well, I guess eating isn t necessarily the big problem here... It s the type of food that people are consuming, fast food. America tops the list of world s most obese countries. It s just sad and something needs to be done about it. The worst part is that there are so many children being affected by obesity. According to CDC (Centers for Disease Control)Read MoreBad Food Tastes Good But Can Kill You Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bad Food Tastes Good But Can Kill You McDonald s, In-And-Out, and Carl’s Jr are all good places to go eat. Just thinking about these fast food joints makes your mouth water. Most Americans go to these fast food places every week. It is a weekly visit and addiction, although these foods taste good they are very bad for one s health. They can cause health problems and in severe cases death. There is advertisements and screenings about fast food or junk food everywhere now. A personRead MoreMedia s Influence On Media1703 Words   |  7 Pagestechniques to persuade consumers into accepting whatever sales pitch [that is] presented to them (Blades, Oates, and Blumberg 3). The vast majority of people do not think that advertising has any influence on them. To their surprise, â€Å"this is what advertisers want the general population to believe; however, if that were true, why would companies spend over $200 billion a year on advertising† (Kilbourne 33)? The media has full control to decide what the public sees an d how it is portrayed. Some argueRead MoreReasons For Preventing Childhood Obesity924 Words   |  4 PagesWhat would you do if stopping childhood obesity was left in your hands? Nearly 1 in 3 children (ages 2-19) in the United States is overweight or obese. This can lead to serious health problems, such a diabetes and heart failure in the future (healthiergeneration.org). There are a number of contributors to childhood obesity. This includes television, media, lack of daily physical activity, marketing unhealthy foods, and limited access to healthy affordable food. An organization called, â€Å"Let’s Move†Read MoreFast-Food Advertising Causes Obesity Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesor children who eat from fast food restaurants have a big risk for becoming overweight. Some research shows that greater familiarity with fast food advertising on television is associated with obesity in young people (Pediatric Academic Societies parag.1). It is known that these children and adolescents are being extremely exposed to fast food advertising including the internet, social media, and particularly on television. The marketer and owners of these fast food restaurants use many techniquesRead MoreMarketing Ethics Assignment : Calvin Klein1392 Words   |  6 Pagesfor my research on a business with ethical issues is the famous clothing line Calvin Klein. Calvin Klein is well known to have a fashion line of high quality clothes for men and women. The reason why I think his practice is unethical is because they are using sexually act and messages in ads to promote their brand of clothes. According to Armstrong, Kotler, â€Å"marketing system uses cultural pollution in commercials to interrupt people s minds with messages of materialism, sex, power, or status.†(2017

Religious Faith - 694 Words

Evidence and Religious Faith Some people believe that evidence and faith are incompatible, that the very idea of faith is that faith is a belief that cannot be proven, so that it does not require evidence. However, evidence and proof are two very different concepts. Scientifically, one can only ever disprove a hypothesis. In other words, while it might be possible to disprove the existence of a god or gods, it would be impossible to eliminate all other variables that might provide support for the existence of god. When one fails to eliminate a hypothesis, one gathers support for a theory, or, evidence. It is this evidence that is frequently the foundation for faith. The philosophical ideal that faith is trusting in an object or person or belief or concept that you first of all have determined exists or is true via some type of convincing evidence certainly applies in the religious scenario. After all, people are drawn to various religions because of their own life experiences, and those life experiences provide the evidence that forms the backdrop for their faith. People are compelled to have faith in religions not randomly; a person with one religious faith does axiomatically have that same faith in all other religions. Instead, the person has faith in a particular religion. The fact that people can discriminate between religious belief systems suggests that they use some type of criteria, or evidence, to choose between those religious systems. However, manyShow MoreRelatedFaith, Family, And Religious Freedom1176 Words   |  5 Pagesfading. Religion is falling. Faith is failing. The first right in the First Amendment, the right to the free practice of religion, is being viciously attacked by the citizens of America. The traditional family—an ideal so simple and fundamental that, twenty years ago, any alteration to it would be unfathomable—is now being challenged. Times are changing; society is changing. Among others, Elder Jeffrey R. Holland addresses this change in his s peech, â€Å"Faith, Family, and Religious Freedom.† In this lectureRead MoreEthical Decision Making And Religious Faith Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Decision Making and Religious Faith Troy Gill MSCR680_X41_Rapid Decision Making Regis University Abstract The goal is to examine through literature review if religious faith is deemed to affect the moral or ethical decision-making process of United States Military personnel in a overall sense. But it might also be applied towards everyday civilian study as well. For instance, the United States Marine Corps have been built on a foundation of strong moral values. These are theRead MoreEssay on Politics and Religious Faith in the Media2880 Words   |  12 PagesPolitics and Religious Faith in the Media On January 29, 3003, thousands of Americans were seated in front of their television screens, eagerly and somberly watching the man on the screen. During the man’s speech, the words â€Å"There’s power, wonder-working power† were brought forth, and it was those very words which have turned heads, and incurred opinions, articles, and editorials across the nation. Had this man been a preacher there is no doubt that his comments would have gone un-criticized.Read MoreDoes Clifford Offer a Convincing View of Religious Faith1803 Words   |  8 PagesDoes Clifford offer a convincing view of religious faith? In his article â€Å"The Ethics of Belief (Clifford, 1877) W.K. Clifford sought to argue that â€Å"it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence† (as cited on p190). The aim of this essay is to establish whether indeed this view offered by Clifford, when considering religious faith, is convincing. In order to do this I will consider the arguments that Clifford put forward, including that which toRead MoreReligious and Faith Can Do more Good than Harm in Society1332 Words   |  6 Pages Religious and faithful acts can surely spark engagement and understanding in society when used the right way. We can find religious organizations and houses of worship in corrupt neighborhoods because they help to build a morale. These places give the gangsters, drug dealers, and other troubled characters a choice to turn themselves around and give back to their community in ways that they would have never imagined. Being apart of a religion that relies heavily on faith is a method of cleansingRead More 1. Why do you think people are ?religious What particular aspects of society may prompt people to look for religious faith and identity?925 Words   |  4 Pages People are religious for many reasons. These include the difference religion makes in life and how religious beliefs influence actions. Religion structures a religious person’s life. More than three quarters of the world’s population consider they belong to a religion. All aspects of religion are reasons for a person to be religious. For some, the difference that sacred places, books, prayer and celebration make is significant. Others, the belief that there is something beside our own worldRead MoreThe Concepts Of Religious Faith1182 Words   |  5 PagesThe concepts of religious faith, theology, belief and spirituality are all interconnected and very easy to get mixed up. This is because they all have something to do with the other. Richard P. Mcbrien explains how religious faith, theology, beliefs, and spirituality are all connected. Theology follows faith and belief follows Theology. Faith is our personal knowledge of God through human experiences and our openness to his love. Theology is our understanding of faith as revealed by God and our articulationRead MoreIntegration Of Religious Faith And Business1533 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Integrating faith and business, is one of the common dilemma faced by most of the managers. Is this accepted by the religion or not? What to do next if I am not following the religious teaching in a right way are the chains of questions which circles the mind of a business person. Business is an area where people has to act sometimes unethical even if they don t want. Religiously binded managers always try their best to take their faith and the laws of business in a parallel way. EveryRead MoreQuestions On Challenges Of Religious Faith1431 Words   |  6 PagesStephanie Yip UCOR 2100 - Challenges to Religious Faith May 12, 2016 Thought Paper #1 During the time of the Vatican II, there have been â€Å"profound and rapid changes† in the world in science and technology, which has not only brought cultural and social transformations, but has also had â€Å"repercussions on a [person’s] religious life† (section 4). Despite the amount of wealth and resources in the world, many were still struck by hunger, poverty and illiteracy (4). Humankind’s knowledge was broadeningRead MoreThe Religious Beliefs Of Other Faiths989 Words   |  4 PagesLearning about other faiths is the best way to learn about each other. To fear examining other faiths is to fear other people. In my religious practice, Methodist, such fear would neglect an important principle - â€Å"love your neighbor as yourself.† In the process of getting confirmed, my confirmation group went to visit, Agudas Achim of Iowa City, to experience another religion. Agudas Achim is a Jewish denomination, which at the time was located downtown Iowa City, 602 E. Washington Street. The Agudas

Bio Enzyme Lab Free Essays

Enzyme Lab Experiments Problem: How can we demonstrate how enzymes work? What happens if we alter the environment of an enzyme? Materials: G;lucose Test StripsTest TubesPipettesRaw HamburgLettucePotato Raw LiverChalkBeakersDairy Lactose TabletWaterSugar Solo Cups Hot PlateKnifeGlovesSkim MilkGlow SticksPeroxide Hypothesis: 1. If we change the environment via temperature the glow stick will Its intensity will change 2. If hydrogen peroxide is added to a certain food liver then It would bubble 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Bio Enzyme Lab or any similar topic only for you Order Now If a lactaid enzyme to milk the It would separate Procedure (A): 1. Collect three glow sticks. 2. Boil water in 400 mL beaker add 1st glowstick for 30 minutes. 3. Place second glowstick in freezer for 30 minutes 4. Leave third glow stick at room temperature for 30 minutes 5. Observe and record findings. Data Collected (A): Place a glow stick in each environment below. Using a scale 1-3 1 being normal intensity 3 being brightest intensity BeakerObservation Freezer1 Boiling Water3 Room Temperature (control)2 Procedure (B): 1. Collect sample of raw liver, potato, raw hamburg, lettuce and chalk. 2. Place each sample in individual test tube in rack. 3. Observe samples prior to adding peroxide. 4. Add 1 mL of peroxide to each test tube 5. Observe and record findings Data Collected (B): Reaction after hydrogen peroxide is added. Using a scale of 0-5 0 Being no bubbles 5 being the most bubbles Test tubeObservation before adding hydrogen peroxideObservation after adding hydrogen peroxide # 1 liverDark brown in color (expired meat)5 # 2 potatoInner slice with some skin2 # 3 raw hamburgNormal in color4 # 4 lettuceFresh green lettuce1 # 5 chalk Yellow colored chalk0 Procedure (C): Preparation: 1. Enzyme Solution: Add one lactase tablet to 200 ml of water. Stir until the tablet is dissolved. . Skim Milk: This solution contains lactose. 3. Sucrose Solution:Add 5 grams of sugar to 100 ml of water. Stir until the sugar is dissolved. 4. Denatured enzyme Solution: 1. Place 20 ml of enzyme solution into a test tube. 2. Add 200 ml of water to a 400 ml beaker. 3. Place the test tube in the beaker. Make sure it does not spill out. 4. Place the beaker and the test tube on a hot plate. 5. Boil the water for 30 minutes. 6. Let the solution cool to room temperature. Procedure (C-1) 1. Collect 6 mL of skim milk, place 2mL in each test tube (3 test tubes of skim milk). . Collect 4mL of sucrose solution, place 2mL in each test tube (2 test tubes total). 3. Observe and record initial observations. 4. Add 1mL of enzyme solution to a skim milk test tube; add 1mL of water to 2nd skim milk test tube, ad 1mL denatured enzyme solution to 3rd skim milk test tube. 5. Add 1mL of enzyme solution to 1st test tube of sucrose solution; add 1mL of water to 2nd test tube of sucrose solution. 6. Insert Glucose test strip in wch test tube (5 total). Wait 2 minutes. 7. Observe and record whether or not glucose is present and how much. Test tubeInitial ObservationGlucose Test strip: Is glucose present 1. 2 ml of skim milk and 1ml of the enzyme solutionBubbles3000 Glucose 2. 2 ml of skim milk and 1 ml of waterNo bubbles 2 layers300 Glucose 3. 2 ml of skim milk and 1 ml of denatured solutionBubbles and layers 0 Glucose 4. 2 ml of sucrose solution and 1 ml of enzyme solutionClear liquidYellow in color zero glucose 5. 2 ml of sucrose solution and 1 ml of waterClear liquid Yellow in color no glucose What happens when the enzyme is denatured? The Enzyme does not work. Result Questions: 1. In which beaker did the glow stick glow the most? Why do you think that is? The beaker that contained hot water. The heat from the water will speed up the chemical rate of reaction taking place, and therefore will glow brighter; the cold one will have its rate of reaction slowed, and thus be dimmer. 2. What did the glow stick show about enzymes and different environments? How does changing the temperature affect the rate of an enzyme-controlled experiment? The increasing temperature increases molecular motion and may increase the number of times an enzyme contacts and combines with a substrate molecule. Temperature may also influence the shape of the enzyme molecule, making it fit better with the substrate. 3. What effect may change in PH have on an enzyme activity? The three-dimensional structure of a protein leaves certain side chains exposed. These side chains may attract ions from the environment. Under the right conditions, a group of positively charged hydrogen ions may accumulate on certain parts of an enzyme. A change in pH disrupts an enzyme’s shape and structure. When the pH changes an enzyme’s structure, the enzyme can’t do its job. Changes in pH break the delicate bonds that maintain an enzyme’s shape. An enzyme will unravel, or denature, and become useless in a different pH. Stomach enzymes work in a super acidic environment of pH 2. A little way down the digestive tract, intestine enzymes need a pH of 8. 4. Why did the hamburger and liver react differently with hydrogen peroxide? They have natural catalase enzymes which were broken down with the presence of hydrogen peroxide. 5. What is the job of the lactase enzyme? Lactase is an enzyme which breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk and other dairy products. 6. In which test tubes was the glucose present? Why? In test tube #1 the enzyme broke down the lactose . Lactose is a disaccharide of glucose and galactose. The lactose tablet contained lactase which hydrolyzed the lactose into constituent galactose and glucose. Glucose is naturally occurring in skim milk thus in test tube # 2 found in a much smaller amount than test tube #1. 7. What happened when the enzyme was denatured or altered by heat? Did it work the same? Was glucose present? There was no glucose present. It did not work at all. Summary: What the class learn today about the jobs of enzymes? What questions does the class still have? How to cite Bio Enzyme Lab, Papers

Summary a Dolls House free essay sample

By the end of this first act, Nora is emerging from the protection of her married life to confront the conditions of the outside world. Although she has been content in being a protected and cared-for housewife during the past eight years, and has once averted a crisis by finding a way to borrow money for the sake of Torvalds health, Nora has never learned to overtly challenge her environment. Christine, on the other hand, has independently faced lifes challenge, although she too sought protection by marrying for the sake of financial convenience. Her harsh experience as a widow who was forced to earn her own livelihood stands in sharp contrast to the insulated and frivolous life which Nora leads. Having learned, through suffering, the value of truthful human relationships, Christine is the first person to recognize that Noras marriage is based on deception. The device Ibsen uses to describe the Thorvalds deceptive marital relationship is the problem of Noras debt. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary a Dolls House or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To prevent Torvald from discovering her secret, he shows how Nora has developed the manner of an evasive, charming adolescent whose whims and caprices her grown-up husband must indulge. This bolsters Thorvalds self-image as a protector of the weak, the head of a dependent household, and the instructor of the mentally inferior. The audience is immediately aware of Torvalds shallowness as he utters his first condescending words to his wife. Nora herself provides further evidence: when she says that Torvald might one day tire of her reciting and dressing-up and dancing, she unknowingly describes the decadence of her marital relationship. Pedantic and pompous, Torvald sometimes seems like a father who enjoys the innocence of a favorite daughter. Setting up rules of behavior (prohibiting Noras macaroons, for instance), instructing his wife even in her very dress, Torvald shows that he regards her as a plaything or a pet rather than an independent person. These attitudes suggest the baldly sexual nature of Torvalds marriage; the theme is later expanded in following acts until Nora recognizes her position and finds her role repulsive as well as humiliating. Krogstad shows Nora another deceptive quality about the nature of the world: an individual is responsible for his own acts. Society punishes its lawbreaker; the innocent wife acting to save the life of her loved one is equally as guilty as the unscrupulous opportunist who acts out of expediency. Once recognizing the parallel between the morally diseased Krogstad and herself, Nora begins to confront the realities of the world and with this new knowledge must draw the inevitable conclusions. ACT II In this act, Nora learns that she alone must face the consequences of her guilt. Refusing to allow Torvald to take the blame, she prepares to kill herself. The theme of death in this scene suggests a parallel between Nora and Dr. Rank, for the knowledge of his death coincides with her decision to commit suicide. Her tarantella is then a symbolic death dance which Rank, fittingly, plays for her on the piano. At the same time, since Torvald has chosen her dance costume to be that of a Capri fisher girl, the tarantella symbolizes their wedding, for Nora and Torvald learned the dance while honeymooning in Italy. Her dancing will be her final mortal performance, for Nora views the end of the party not only as the termination of her marriage, but as the last moments of her life. The scene between Nora and Dr. Rank is a significant one. Not only does it underscore the pollution and infection which a guilty parent can pass on to his children — Nora being the guilt-ridden parent, Rank the victim of venereal disease — but it shows the youthful innocence of Nora. Accustomed to approaching her husband in a mood of adolescent flirtatiousness, Nora treats Dr. Rank the same way as she shows him her leg dressed in the new silk stockings. When Rank responds with a declaration of love instead of amused paternity, Nora recognizes for the first time the underlying sexual nature of her relationship with Torvald. This sudden understanding prevents her asking Dr. Rank for the big proof of friendship which she would have been able to accept innocently from a family friend. Knowing that receiving payment from a lover places one in a horribly painful position reminds Nora how she has always cajoled Torvald to give her little presents of money. With this understanding, she begins to recognize how Torvald, regarding her as a romantic object, violates her personal independence. Nora learns more about Torvalds weakness of character in this act although she does not realize the full significance of this insight until the following scene. When Torvald tells her that he wishes to get rid of Krogstad, not because he judges him morally incompetent but because he is ashamed to admit friendship with a man held to be disreputable, Nora observes that Torvald is quite different from the moralizing and respectable usband she has admired for eight years. Despite this insight, she still believes, as she tells Christine, that the wonderful thing will still take place — the proud terrible moment when Torvald discovers the forgery and takes all the guilt upon himself. ACTIII Clearly explaining the reasons for her sudden departure, Nora summarizes the entire play during her last speeches with Torvald. Discovering that her husband confuses appearance with values, that he is more concerned with his position in society than with the emotional needs of his wife, Nora is forced to confront her personal worthlessness. Rather than remain part of a marriage based on an intolerable lie, she chooses to leave her home and discover for herself the individuality which life with Torvald has denied her. Central to this act, and in fact to the whole play, is Noras concept of the wonderful thing, the moment when she and Torvald would achieve a real wedlock. In the course of the drama, she has learned that the ideal union takes place when husband and wife regard each other as rational individuals who are aware of societys demands and can fulfill their separate responsibilities with sophistication and mutual respect. In another sense, the wonderful thing is merely a code word for a relationship whose values are freed from the mystique which society has attached to marriage with concepts like duty, r espectability, cozy home, happy family, and the rest of the stereotyped images such phrases suggest.